Engine.



S. J. LUKASZEWSKI.

ENGINE. I APPLICATION FILED APR. ll. I918.

1,298,744. Patented Apr. 1,1919.

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S. J. LUKASZEWSKI.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLED APR. u. l9l8.

1 ,298,744. Patented A pr. 1, 1919 S. 1. LUKASZEWSKI.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 11. 191B.

Patented Apr. 1, 1919.

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avwwwto'a STANISLAW J. LUKASZEW SKI, 015 DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 1, 1919.

Application filed April 11, 1918. Serial No. 227.862.

and Improved Engine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to means for preventing the circulating liquid of internal combustion engines from freezing, and its object is to provide a heater for this circulating liquid which will form a portion of the engine structure and which will be provided with a burner that is so located as to keep fluid the lubricant within the crank" I case of the engine.

This invention consists, in combination with th cylinders of a. multi-cylinder internal combustion engine which are arranged in two groups, of a heater positioned between the two groups of cylinders, the structure being such that the water jacket of the cylinders constitutes a portion of the heater. It also consists in providing a heating coil through which the circulating liquid will pass from a source of supply, preferably the radiator, to the upper portion of the waterjacket of the engine, preferably to the manifold connecting the water-jacket to the upper portion of the radiator. It further consists in combination of the details of construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an engine embodying this improved heater. Fig. 2 is a view on the opposite side of the engine, a portion of the walls of the crank-case and of the cylinders being broken away. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 33 of Fig. 2.

Similar reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

In my rior Patent No. 1,007,710, dated November 7, 1911, I have shown a device for heating the circulating water of the engine so as to prevent it from freezing during extreme weather. A pipe leads from the radiator to a heating coil and from the heating coil to the water-jacket of the cylinder.

- No provision, however, is made for heating the lower part of the crank case and the lubricating oil which is usually stored therein; where engines are designed to lubricate the moving parts by splashing up the oil in the crank-case by means of the connecting rods,

it is necessary that this lubricant shall always be fluid. There is also in this prior construction a great loss of heat because the heating mechanism is entirely separate and apart from the rest of the construction and in the path of the air rushing in through the radiator. In the present device, however, I, have embodied the heater in the engine itself midway between two groups of the cylinders, so that all the heat will be utilized to heat the cylinders and the circulating water of the engine. The lower part of the device which embodies the burner extends down so low that the contents of the crank case will be heated thereby.

Referring now to the drawings, the cylinders 4 are connected to the upper portion 5 of the crank case, the lower portion 6 of the crank case being attached to the upper in any desired manner. Extending longitudinally of the cylinders is a water-jacket 7 and a manifold 8 to conduct the circulating water to the radiator 9, which is shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2. The crank shaft 12 is longer between the cranks 13 and 14 than the usual type of engines because of the distance occupied by the heater, and a long bearing 15 may be provided at this point.

The heater may be of any desired construction, but I prefer to have it of the general design in my prior Patent No. 1,249,644, dated December 11,1917. Circulating water is conducted to the lower ends of the coils 16 and 17 by the pipe 10 and rises in these coils as it is heated and flows through the connection 22 and pipes 23 and 2% to the manifold 8. As it fiows around through the water aokets of the cylinders it cools and finally passes to the radiator through the pipe 18. The pipe 10 connects to the lowest liquid supply point of the circulating system, which is the bottom of the radiator in the drawingsbut may be the bottom of the water pump or of the pipes thereof.

The inner portion 26 of the shell of the heater is generally cylindrical and is spaced apart from the side wall 27 of the water jackets of the cylinders sufiiciently to permit free circulation between the water jackets. A partition 28 parallel to the wall 27 is similarly spaced from the part 26 and the space between them again connects to the water jackets. A door 28 closes an opening in the flat portion 29 of the main cylinder block and supports the burner 30. A curved shield 31 extends outward from the shell over the U shaped mixing tube 32 of this burner.

An air chamber 33 between the cylinder walls and the longitudinal walls 28 and 3i connects to the space within the shell below the cowl 35 of the heater by means of a passage 36. An air passage 37 extends across between the side walls of the engine block and its upper wall has perforations 38, above which is a baffle plate 39 which directs the air away from the burner. Should an excessive pressure of air develop at either end of the passage 37 and at the perforations 38, the small bafiie 41 will prevent the air from rushing to the burner, all excess of pressure being relieved by the passage 36.

' As the shell of this heater and its double bottom or air passag 37 extend down into the crank-case of the engine, the lubricant therein becomes warm soon after the burner is lighted and therefore will be splashed up to the desired places at the startin of the engine. This avoids the danger of cutting the cam shaft and pistons because of the lack of lubricants between the working surfaces.

I claim 1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of two groups of cylinders longitudinally separated, a crank case on which the cylinders are mounted, a heating coil mounted between the two groups of cylinders, a burner beneath the coil and a shell inclosing the coil, said shell comprising two thicknesses with a water space between them so as to constitute a part of the heating system of the engine.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of two groups of cylinders longitudinally separated, a crank-case on which the cylinders are mounted, a heating coil mounted between the two groups of cylinders, a burner beneath the coil and a shell inclosing the coil, said shell comprising two thicknesses with a water space between connecting to the water-jacket of the engine,

and passages to convey air to the burner having their ends at the side walls of the upper portion of the crank-case.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of two groups of cylinders longitudinally separated, a crank-case on which the, cylinders are mounted, a heating coil mounted between the two groups of cylinders, a burner beneath the coil and a shell inclosing the coil, said shell comprising two thicknesses with a water space between them so as to constitute a part of the cooling sys tem of the engine, a crank-shaft and a bearing therefor below said burner.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of two groups of cylinders longitudinally separated, a crank-case on which the cylinders are mounted, a heating coil mounted between the two' groups of cylinders, a burner beneath the coil and a shell inclosing the coil, said shell comprising two thicknesses with a water space between constituting a part of the cooling system of the engine, and a passage to convey air to the burner having its ends at the side walls of the upper portion of the crank-case, the upper Wall of the air passage being perforated, and baflleplates positioned between the walls of the cylinder adjacent the heater to regulate the flow of air to said burner.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of two cylinders separated lon gitudinally of the crank shaft, a crank-case on which the cylinders are mounted, a heating coil mounted between the cylinders, a burner beneath the coil, and a case for the burner extending down into the crank-case.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of the crank case and a cylinder mounted thereon, a heater adjacent to said cylinder and extending down into the crank case, and a water jacket for the cylinder extending adjacent the shell of the heater.

STAN ISLAVV J. LUKASZEIVSKI. 

